A male patient in his seventies was diagnosed with esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) following detection of an abnormality on upper gastrointestinal imaging. Endoscopic biopsy confirmed NEC localized to the esophagus without distant metastasis. The patient underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection. Histopa

Despite strong evidence supporting non‑opioid modalities, real-world practice continues to show critical unmet needs in specific patient populations. For post‑operative pain among opioid‑sensitive individuals, a systematic review and network meta‑analysis of 23,902 patients demonstrated that IV lidocaine (OR 0.32), ketamine (OR 0.64), and gabapenti

Suzetrigine (Journavx) is an oral, selective Naᵥ1.8 sodium‑channel inhibitor approved by the FDA on January 30, 2025, for moderate-to-severe acute pain (1). It acts peripherally on Naᵥ1.8 channels in nociceptive neurons, avoiding central nervous system side effects associated with opioids (2). Two phase III randomized, double-blind trials in post‑b

Gaucher disease (GD), a rare genetic disorder inherited via the autosomal recessive mode, is the most prevalent lysosomal storage disorder (1). Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene lead to GD manifestations (1). Nearly 300 GBA mutations have been identified, including missense, nonsense, splice junction, deletion, insertion, gene fusion,

Risankizumab, a high-affinity monoclonal antibody targeting the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 (IL-23), is steadily gaining traction in the treatment landscape of immune-mediated diseases. Although widely approved for psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn’s disease, its role in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is under active evaluation. By selectively i

Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation of the colon and rectum (1). This case study presents a 42-year-old man diagnosed with moderate to severe UC and response to treatment with Risankizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-23 (IL-23). Patient Demographics and Clinical

Introduction Risankizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 (IL-23), a key driver in the inflammatory cascade associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). This synopsis summarizes pivotal findings from two global, phase 3 randomized clinical trials—INSPIRE substudy 2 (induction) and COMMAND s

Introduction Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel habits. Its global prevalence stands around 11%, with higher rates observed in women and younger individuals. Despite its functional nature, IBS often leads to extensive healthcare use an

Introduction Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, characterized by variable prognosis and responses to therapies (1). Management strategies encompass a wide range of options, including surgery, liver-directed therapies, somatostatin analogs, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), cytotoxic chemotherapy, an