Introduction Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Once considered a childhood condition, ADHD is now recognized as a disorder that often persists into adolescence and adulthood, affecting cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. Lif

Introduction Cigarette smoking is a chronic condition that causes more than 8 million deaths worldwide annually (1). The health risks associated with cigarette smoke are primarily due to the chemicals produced by burning tobacco, rather than from nicotine itself (1). Quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of tobacco-related diseases, lower

Introduction: Fertility treatments present significant emotional and physical challenges, often influencing women’s satisfaction with care and psychological well-being (1). Yet, tools to systematically assess both treatment satisfaction and emotional experiences remain limited (1). This study introduces the Satisfaction and Emotional Perception in

Hello, and a warm welcome to MedX, where we bring you the latest news and insights from the world of medicine.  Breakthroughs in Immune Tolerance Earn 2025 Nobel Prize in Immunology The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for their pioneering work on peripheral immune tole

Introduction: Severe depression is characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest, cognitive impairment, and, in some cases, suicidal ideation, significantly affecting daily functioning and quality of life. For patients who do not respond to multiple antidepressants or psychotherapy classified as treatment-resistant depression (TRD), rapid

Introduction Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a complex psychiatric condition characterised by disruption in identity, discontinuities in memory, and distinct self-states often linked to early traumatic experiences. Management is particularly challenging given the high prevalence of comorbid psychiatric conditions and the limited availabilit

Introduction Niemann Pick Disease Type C (NPC) is a progressive, autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in NPC1 or NPC2, leading to abnormal lipid accumulation and multi-system dysfunction. Pediatric onset is common, presenting with hepatosplenomegaly in infancy or with ataxia, dystonia, and psychiatric symptoms in adole

Introduction Niemann Pick Disease Type C (NPC) is an ultra-rare, autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes, leading to disrupted lipid metabolism and progressive cellular dysfunction (1). With an incidence of approximately 1 in 100,000 live births, the disease presents with a wide clinical spectrum

Introduction Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder associated with age-inappropriate hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention, with a tendency to critically affect the lives of affected individuals, families, caregivers, and the community (1). Although this common psychiatric disorder is mainly