Short Patient Case A 58-year-old woman presents with gradually worsening right knee pain over two years (1). The pain is activity-related, worsens with prolonged walking and stair climbing, and improves with rest (1). She reports morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes and intermittent swelling. Her history includes obesity and a remote knee

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder worldwide and a leading cause of pain, disability, and reduced quality of life, particularly among older adults (1). It is characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, along with changes in subchondral bone and joint margins (1). Given its high prevalence, OA is

In this insightful KOL interview, we sit down with Dr. Apoorv Kumar Agarwal, an experienced Consultant Spine Surgeon from Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, to explore the complexities of back pain caused by slip disc and how advances in endoscopic spine surgery are transforming patient outcomes. Dr. Agarwal emphasizes that while painkillers can provid

Introduction Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common degenerative condition characterized by narrowing of the spinal canal, lateral recesses, or neural foramina, leading to compression of neural structures. It predominantly affects older adults and is a frequent cause of low back pain, neurogenic claudication, and functional limitation. Advances i

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis, affecting millions worldwide and representing a leading cause of chronic pain and disability in adults (1). Characterised by progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodelling, synovial inflammation, and osteophyte formation, OA predominantly involves the knees,

Introduction Orthobiologics are biologically derived substances used to enhance the body’s natural ability to heal musculoskeletal tissues. In orthopaedics, they are increasingly incorporated into clinical practice to support the management of cartilage damage, tendon and ligament injuries, and degenerative joint conditions. As interest grows in bi

As we transition into 2026, Medsynapse recognizes that the most significant advancements in healthcare are born from collective expertise. Medical progress is not merely an individual pursuit; it is a testament to the shared intellect, unwavering resilience, and profound professional advocacy that defines our community. Behind every clinical breakt

Introduction Chronic tendinopathy is among the most prevalent causes of musculoskeletal pain, marked by tendon thickening, functional limitation, and persistent discomfort. Historically regarded as a degenerative response to mechanical overload, it is now increasingly seen as a neurobiological condition involving both peripheral nerve changes and c

Introduction: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common sports-related knee injuries and requires a coordinated approach across orthopaedics, sports medicine, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation teams (1). Accurate diagnosis begins with a structured physical examination, especially the Lachman test, pivot shift test, and anter